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Showing posts from October, 2018

The WeakReference class, monitoring memory leak and garbage collection in a Java application

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 Below is a Stack implementation that uses an internal resizeable array structure.  public class MyStack< T > implements Stack< T > { private static final int CAPACITY = 100 ; private Object[] array ; private int pos = 0 ; public MyStack () { this . array = new Object[ CAPACITY ] ; } @Override public void push ( T item) { if ( pos >= array . length / 2 ) { Object[] newArray = new Object[ pos * 2 ] ; System. arraycopy ( array , 0 , newArray , 0 , array . length ) ; array = newArray ; } array [ pos ++] = item ; } @Override public T pop () { if (isEmpty()) { throw new RuntimeException( "empty stack" ) ; } @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) T item = ( T ) array [ pos - 1 ] ; pos -= 1 ; return item ; } @Override @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) public T peek...
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Dynamic Connectivity Problem and the Union-Find Algorithm

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Lets say we need to connect some objects and query if some objects are connected or not. Below is an example test: @Test     public void testConnectivity() {         MyConnectionDb connectDb = new MyConnectionDb();         connectDb.connect(4, 3);         connectDb.connect(3, 8);         connectDb.connect(6, 5);         connectDb.connect(9, 4);         connectDb.connect(2, 1);         assertTrue(connectDb.isConnected(8, 9));         assertFalse(connectDb.isConnected(5, 4));         connectDb.connect(5, 0);         connectDb.connect(7, 2);         connectDb.connect(6, 1);         connectDb.connect(7, 3);         assertTrue(connectDb.isConnected(5, 3));     } So whe...
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DEVOPS

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This table shows imporant aspects of DEVOPS and related software products. The ones that I have used in the past are painted in red. I think this is a very nice table to look at alternative solutions to use for new projects. Of course some of them are essential: Version control. (Subversion,  Git, ..) Build tool. (Maven, Gradle, ..) Testing. Unit Test, Stress Test, UI TEst. (JUnit, JMeter, Selenium) Continuous Integration. (Bamboo, Continuum, ..) The others seem to depend on the size of the organization and the project. Some use AWS, others manage their own servers. 
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Do you speak MATLAB?

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MATLAB is a programming platform designed specifically for engineers and scientists. I first used it for a masters degree course on image processing. And now, I'm looking at it for the purpose of machine learning. Now lets remember what we can do with it: Matlab has a command line and also you can save your scripts as .m files. You should define your functions and save them as .m files. Note: If you put a semicolon to the end of the expression, the output is not shown in the console. Lets create a 3 x 3 matrix: A = [1, 2, 3; 0, 0, 0; -1, -1, -1] Lets create a vector: V = [2, 3, 6, 7] Lets create a column vector: V = [2; 3; 4; 5] Lets draw a diagram with some values: X = [1,2,3,4,5]; Y= [0,-1,3,4,8]; plot(X,Y) How to define a function? function y = myFunction(x)     y = x^2 + x + 1; end From command line: result = myFunction(6); Lets create a uniformly spaced vector.  V1 = 1:10 V2 = 1:10 plot(V1, V2) We can also specify the int...
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Trie Data Structure and Finding Patterns in a Collection of Words

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 I faced a very hard problem recently about finding substrings based on a collection of patterns.  Example For  words = ["Apple", "Melon", "Orange", "Watermelon"]  and  parts = ["a", "mel", "lon", "el", "An"] , the output should be  findSubstrings(words, parts) = ["Apple", "Me[lon]", "Or[a]nge", "Water[mel]on"] . While  "Watermelon"  contains three substrings from the  parts  array,  "a" ,  "mel" , and  "lon" ,  "mel"  is the longest substring that appears first in the string. Note: Number of words and number of parts can be huge! A brute force method or careless usage of Java String methods would make it impossible to handle a large number of words and parts (patterns). Solution Approach Whenever we want to search patterns inside a string, we should think about the Trie data structure:  https://en.wikipedia....
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My Crappy Looking Solution to "Binary Tree Common Ancestor" Problem

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I was able to solve this problem and make all the tests pass: https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/binary-search-tree-lowest-common-ancestor/problem But I'm not happy with the code, so later I need to refactor the code. Here it is: static Node lca(Node root, int v1, int v2) { ArrayList result = new ArrayList<>(); Node result2 = traverse (root, v1, v2, result); if (result.isEmpty()) return result2; return result.get( 0 ); } private static Node traverse(Node root, int v1, int v2, ArrayList result) { if (!result.isEmpty()) { return result.get( 0 ); } if (root. left == null && root. right == null ) { return root; } if (root. data == v1 || root. data == v2) { return root; } Node node1 = null , node2 = null ; if (root. left != null ) node1 = traverse (root. left , v1, v2, result); if (root. right != null ) node2 = traverse (root. right , v1, v...
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A Graph Application in Java: Using WordNet to Find Outcast Words

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I'll explain our intent with an example: Let's say we have the following words: horse, zebra, cat, bear, table Which one is the outcast? The table.. But how can a computer system find this? We are talking about the whole English language and any word can be in this list. The number of words in the list can be huge, so the solution should use appropriate data structures and algorithms.  We'll use WordNet which is a graph of English words. It contains the semantic relationships between words and our concern is the "is a" relationship. For our example, we know that horse and cat are both animals. "Table" is not an animal and it is the outcast in this situation. But we even have the ability to tell that horse and zebra is very close. Below is a unit test that shows a high level view of our application in Java: public class OutcastTest {     private WordNet wordNet;     private Outcast outcast;     @Before ...
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